Difference between revisions of "Munitions Constituents - Electrochemical Treatment"
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'''Contributor(s):''' Dr. Brian P. Chaplin and S M Mohaiminul Islam | '''Contributor(s):''' Dr. Brian P. Chaplin and S M Mohaiminul Islam | ||
| + | '''Key Resource(s):''' | ||
| − | + | *Electrochemical Destruction of Insensitive High Explosives Using Magnéli Phase Titanium Oxide Reactive Electrochemical Membranes | |
| + | *Electrochemical Method Applicable to Treatment of Wastewater from Nitrotriazolone Production | ||
| + | *Efficient Removal of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) from Industrial/Military Wastewater Using Anodic Oxidation on Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes | ||
| + | *Treatment of High Explosive Production Wastewater Containing RDX by Combined Electrocatalytic Reaction and Anoxic–Oxic Biodegradation | ||
| + | *Performance Optimization and Toxicity Effects of the Electrochemical Oxidation of Octogen | ||
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| + | == Introduction == | ||
| + | Munitions constituents (MC) refer to the energetic compounds utilized in various military applications, such as propellants, artillery shells, and ballistic agents. Legacy munitions constituents typically include compounds such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (HMX). However, due to safety concerns, there has been a shift towards the use of Insensitive High Explosives (IHEs). These compounds offer reduced susceptibility to unintended detonation, enhancing safety in military applications. One notable example of an IHE is IMX-101, a standard explosive formulation containing 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN), nitroguanidine (NQ), and 3-nitro-1-2-4-triazol-5-one (NTO). | ||
| − | + | == Electrochemical Oxidation Mechanisms == | |
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Revision as of 21:35, 20 February 2025
Electrochemical treatment of munitions constituents (MC) is an emerging technology for the remediation of explosive compounds in wastewater. This process utilizes electrochemical oxidation mechanisms to degrade both legacy explosives, as well as newer insensitive high explosives. The treatment relies on direct electron transfer reactions and the generation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals at the electrode surface. Recent research has elucidated the oxidation pathways and byproducts for various munitions constituents, demonstrating the potential of electrochemical methods as an effective and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional adsorption-based treatments for explosive-contaminated water.
Related Article(s):
Contributor(s): Dr. Brian P. Chaplin and S M Mohaiminul Islam
Key Resource(s):
- Electrochemical Destruction of Insensitive High Explosives Using Magnéli Phase Titanium Oxide Reactive Electrochemical Membranes
- Electrochemical Method Applicable to Treatment of Wastewater from Nitrotriazolone Production
- Efficient Removal of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) from Industrial/Military Wastewater Using Anodic Oxidation on Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes
- Treatment of High Explosive Production Wastewater Containing RDX by Combined Electrocatalytic Reaction and Anoxic–Oxic Biodegradation
- Performance Optimization and Toxicity Effects of the Electrochemical Oxidation of Octogen
Introduction
Munitions constituents (MC) refer to the energetic compounds utilized in various military applications, such as propellants, artillery shells, and ballistic agents. Legacy munitions constituents typically include compounds such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (HMX). However, due to safety concerns, there has been a shift towards the use of Insensitive High Explosives (IHEs). These compounds offer reduced susceptibility to unintended detonation, enhancing safety in military applications. One notable example of an IHE is IMX-101, a standard explosive formulation containing 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN), nitroguanidine (NQ), and 3-nitro-1-2-4-triazol-5-one (NTO).
