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Chemical Oxidation Design Considerations(In Situ - ISCO) - Revision history
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">CONTRIBUTOR</del>(<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">S</del>):''' [[Dr. Michelle Crimi]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Contributor</ins>(<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">s</ins>):''' [[Dr. Michelle Crimi]]</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Oxidant Delivery==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Oxidant Delivery==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Effective delivery requires delivery of oxidant into the subsurface and transport throughout a target treatment zone (e.g., by advection, [dispersion, diffusion]). Oxidant delivery approaches include<ref>Cline, S.R., West, O.R., Korte, N.E., Gardner, F.G., Siegrist, R.L. and Baker, J.L., 1997. KMnO<sub>4</sub> chemical oxidation and deep soil mixing for soil treatment.  Geotech. News, 15(5), 25-28.</ref><ref>Murdoch, L., Slack, B., Siegrist, B., Vesper, S., Meiggs, T., 1997. Hydraulic fracturing advances. Civil Eng. 67, 10A–12A. [http://cedb.asce.org/CEDBsearch/record.jsp?dockey=0105818 http://cedb.asce.org/CEDBsearch/record.jsp?dockey=0105818]</ref><ref>Siegrist, R.L., Lowe, K.S., Smuin, D.R., West, O.R., Gunderson, J.S., Korte, N.E., Pickering, D.A. and Houk, T.C., 1998. Permeation dispersal of reactive fluids for in situ remediation: field studies. ORNL/TM-13596. Prepared by Oak Ridge National Laboratory for the US Department of Energy Office of Science and Technology, Washington, DC, USA.</ref><ref>West, O.R., Cline, S.R., Holden, W.L., Gardner, F.G., Schlosser, B.M., Thate, J.E., Pickering, D.A. and Houk, T.C., 1997. A full-scale demonstration of in situ chemical oxidation through recirculation at the X-701B site (No. ORNL/TM--13556). Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. [[Media:West-1997-Fullscale_Demonstration.pdf|Report pdf]]</ref><ref>Siegrist, R.L., Lowe, K.S., Murdoch, L.C., Case, T.L. and Pickering, D.A., 1999. In situ oxidation by fracture emplaced reactive solids. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 125(5), 429-440. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1999)125:5(429) doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1999)125:5(429)]</ref><ref>Siegrist, R. L. Urynowicz, M.A., West, O.R., Crimi, M.L. and Lowe, K.S., 2001. Principles and practices of in situ chemical oxidation using permanganate. Columbus, OH: Battelle Press. ISBN-10: 1574771027. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3894(01)00355-7 doi: 10.1016/S0304-3894(01)00355-7]</ref><ref>Lowe, K.S., Gardner, F.G. and Siegrist, R.L., 2002. Field pilot test of in situ chemical oxidation through recirculation using vertical wells. Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, 22, 106-115. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2002.tb00659.x doi: 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2002.tb00659.x]</ref><ref>Palaia, T.A. and Sprinkle, C.L., 2004, May. Results from two pilot tests using pneumatic fracturing and chemical oxidant injection technologies. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, 4th, Monterey, CA, United States. Paper 5B-04.</ref><ref name = "Huling2006">Huling, S. G., and Pivetz, B. E., 2006. In-situ chemical oxidation (No. EPA/600/R-06/072). Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Office of Water. [[Media:Huling-EPA-ISCO.pdf|Report pdf]]</ref><ref>Strong, M., Bozzini, C., Hood, D., Lowder, B., 2006. Air and Ozone Sparging of TCE Using a Directionally Drilled Horizontal Well. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, 5th, Monterey, CA, United States. Paper M–26. [[Media:Strong-2006-AirandOzone.pdf|Report pdf]]</ref><ref>Haselow, J., Rossabi, R., Escochea, E., Vanek, J., 2008. Delivery of ISCO Reagents Using Soil Blending. Proceedings of Sixth International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, Monterey, CA, USA, May 19–22, Abstract L-006.</ref><ref name="Krembs2010">Krembs, F.J., Siegrist, R.L., Crimi, M.L., Furrer, R.F. and Petri, B.G., 2010. ISCO for groundwater remediation: analysis of field applications and performance. Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, 30(4), 42-53. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2010.01312.x doi: 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2010.01312.x]</ref><ref name ="Siegrist2011">Siegrist, R.L., Crimi, M. and Simpkin, T.J. eds., 2011. In situ chemical oxidation for groundwater remediation (Vol. 3). Springer Science & Business Media. 678 pgs. ISBN: 978-1-4419-7825-7. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7826-4 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7826-4.]</ref>: (a) Permanent or temporary injection wells, (b) [[Direct Push (DP) Technology | direct push technology (DPT)]] for injection, (c) sparging wells or points for ozone injection, (d) infiltration trenches, galleries, or wellpoints installed in the vadose zone (or surface application for vertical migration), (e) recirculation, (f) hydraulic or pneumatic fracturing, (g) mechanical mixing, and (h) horizontal wells.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Effective delivery requires delivery of oxidant into the subsurface and transport throughout a target treatment zone (e.g., by advection, [dispersion, diffusion]). Oxidant delivery approaches include<ref>Cline, S.R., West, O.R., Korte, N.E., Gardner, F.G., Siegrist, R.L. and Baker, J.L., 1997. KMnO<sub>4</sub> chemical oxidation and deep soil mixing for soil treatment.  Geotech. News, 15(5), 25-28.</ref><ref>Murdoch, L., Slack, B., Siegrist, B., Vesper, S., Meiggs, T., 1997. Hydraulic fracturing advances. Civil Eng. 67, 10A–12A. [http://cedb.asce.org/CEDBsearch/record.jsp?dockey=0105818 http://cedb.asce.org/CEDBsearch/record.jsp?dockey=0105818]</ref><ref>Siegrist, R.L., Lowe, K.S., Smuin, D.R., West, O.R., Gunderson, J.S., Korte, N.E., Pickering, D.A. and Houk, T.C., 1998. Permeation dispersal of reactive fluids for in situ remediation: field studies. ORNL/TM-13596. Prepared by Oak Ridge National Laboratory for the US Department of Energy Office of Science and Technology, Washington, DC, USA.</ref><ref>West, O.R., Cline, S.R., Holden, W.L., Gardner, F.G., Schlosser, B.M., Thate, J.E., Pickering, D.A. and Houk, T.C., 1997. A full-scale demonstration of in situ chemical oxidation through recirculation at the X-701B site (No. ORNL/TM--13556). Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. [[Media:West-1997-Fullscale_Demonstration.pdf|Report pdf]]</ref><ref>Siegrist, R.L., Lowe, K.S., Murdoch, L.C., Case, T.L. and Pickering, D.A., 1999. In situ oxidation by fracture emplaced reactive solids. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 125(5), 429-440. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1999)125:5(429) doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1999)125:5(429)]</ref><ref>Siegrist, R. L. Urynowicz, M.A., West, O.R., Crimi, M.L. and Lowe, K.S., 2001. Principles and practices of in situ chemical oxidation using permanganate. Columbus, OH: Battelle Press. ISBN-10: 1574771027. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3894(01)00355-7 doi: 10.1016/S0304-3894(01)00355-7]</ref><ref>Lowe, K.S., Gardner, F.G. and Siegrist, R.L., 2002. Field pilot test of in situ chemical oxidation through recirculation using vertical wells. Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, 22, 106-115. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2002.tb00659.x doi: 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2002.tb00659.x]</ref><ref>Palaia, T.A. and Sprinkle, C.L., 2004, May. Results from two pilot tests using pneumatic fracturing and chemical oxidant injection technologies. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, 4th, Monterey, CA, United States. Paper 5B-04.</ref><ref name = "Huling2006">Huling, S. G., and Pivetz, B. E., 2006. In-situ chemical oxidation (No. EPA/600/R-06/072). Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Office of Water. [[Media:Huling-EPA-ISCO.pdf|Report pdf]]</ref><ref>Strong, M., Bozzini, C., Hood, D., Lowder, B., 2006. Air and Ozone Sparging of TCE Using a Directionally Drilled Horizontal Well. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, 5th, Monterey, CA, United States. Paper M–26. [[Media:Strong-2006-AirandOzone.pdf|Report pdf]]</ref><ref>Haselow, J., Rossabi, R., Escochea, E., Vanek, J., 2008. Delivery of ISCO Reagents Using Soil Blending. Proceedings of Sixth International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, Monterey, CA, USA, May 19–22, Abstract L-006.</ref><ref name="Krembs2010">Krembs, F.J., Siegrist, R.L., Crimi, M.L., Furrer, R.F. and Petri, B.G., 2010. ISCO for groundwater remediation: analysis of field applications and performance. Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, 30(4), 42-53. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2010.01312.x doi: 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2010.01312.x]</ref><ref name ="Siegrist2011"<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">/</ins>>Siegrist, R.L., Crimi, M. and Simpkin, T.J. eds., 2011. In situ chemical oxidation for groundwater remediation (Vol. 3). Springer Science & Business Media. 678 pgs. ISBN: 978-1-4419-7825-7. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7826-4 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7826-4.]</ref>: (a) Permanent or temporary injection wells, (b) [[Direct Push (DP) Technology | direct push technology (DPT)]] for injection, (c) sparging wells or points for ozone injection, (d) infiltration trenches, galleries, or wellpoints installed in the vadose zone (or surface application for vertical migration), (e) recirculation, (f) hydraulic or pneumatic fracturing, (g) mechanical mixing, and (h) horizontal wells.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:Crimi 3 Table 1.jpg|thumbnail|300 px|right|Table 1. Frequency of different delivery methods used for ISCO at 181 sites<ref name="Krembs2010"/>.]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:Crimi 3 Table 1.jpg|thumbnail|300 px|right|Table 1. Frequency of different delivery methods used for ISCO at 181 sites<ref name="Krembs2010"/>.]]</div></td></tr>
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