Difference between revisions of "Main Page"
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|<span style="line-height: 0.3em;"> The goal of ENVIRO.wiki is to make scientific and engineering research results more accessible to environmental professionals, facilitating the permitting, design and implementation of environmental projects. Articles are written and edited by invited experts (see [[Contributors]]) to summarize current knowledge for the target audience on an array of topics, with cross-linked references to reports and technical literature. </span> | |<span style="line-height: 0.3em;"> The goal of ENVIRO.wiki is to make scientific and engineering research results more accessible to environmental professionals, facilitating the permitting, design and implementation of environmental projects. Articles are written and edited by invited experts (see [[Contributors]]) to summarize current knowledge for the target audience on an array of topics, with cross-linked references to reports and technical literature. </span> | ||
− | |<center><span style="font-size:130%"><br/>[[#Table of Contents|See Table of Contents]]</span> | + | |<center><span style="font-size:130%"><br />[[#Table of Contents|See Table of Contents]]</span> |
</center> | </center> | ||
<inputbox> type=fulltext | <inputbox> type=fulltext | ||
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<u>'''[[Transport & Attenuation Processes | Attenuation & Transport Processes]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Transport & Attenuation Processes | Attenuation & Transport Processes]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[Advection and Groundwater Flow]] | *[[Advection and Groundwater Flow]] | ||
*[[Biodegradation - 1,4-Dioxane]] | *[[Biodegradation - 1,4-Dioxane]] | ||
*[[Biodegradation - Cometabolic]] | *[[Biodegradation - Cometabolic]] | ||
− | *[[Biodegradation - Hydrocarbons]] | + | *[[Biodegradation - Hydrocarbons]] |
*[[Biodegradation - Reductive Processes]] | *[[Biodegradation - Reductive Processes]] | ||
*[[Dispersion and Diffusion]] | *[[Dispersion and Diffusion]] | ||
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**[[Vapor Intrusion - Separation Distances from Petroleum Sources]] | **[[Vapor Intrusion - Separation Distances from Petroleum Sources]] | ||
**[[Vapor Intrusion – Sewers and Utility Tunnels as Preferential Pathways]] | **[[Vapor Intrusion – Sewers and Utility Tunnels as Preferential Pathways]] | ||
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<u>'''[[Characterization, Assessment & Monitoring]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Characterization, Assessment & Monitoring]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[Characterization Methods – Hydraulic Conductivity]] | *[[Characterization Methods – Hydraulic Conductivity]] | ||
*[[Compound Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA)|Compound Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA)]] | *[[Compound Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA)|Compound Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA)]] | ||
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*[[Geophysical Methods | Geophysical Methods]] | *[[Geophysical Methods | Geophysical Methods]] | ||
**[[Geophysical Methods - Case Studies | Case Studies]] | **[[Geophysical Methods - Case Studies | Case Studies]] | ||
− | *[[Groundwater Sampling - No-Purge/Passive]] | + | *[[Groundwater Sampling - No-Purge/Passive]] |
*[[Long-Term Monitoring (LTM)|Long-Term Monitoring (LTM)]] | *[[Long-Term Monitoring (LTM)|Long-Term Monitoring (LTM)]] | ||
**[[Long-Term Monitoring (LTM) - Data Analysis | LTM Data Analysis]] | **[[Long-Term Monitoring (LTM) - Data Analysis | LTM Data Analysis]] | ||
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**[[Stable Isotope Probing (SIP)]] | **[[Stable Isotope Probing (SIP)]] | ||
*[[Natural Attenuation in Source Zone and Groundwater Plume - Bemidji Crude Oil Spill]] | *[[Natural Attenuation in Source Zone and Groundwater Plume - Bemidji Crude Oil Spill]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | [[Coastal and Estuarine Ecology]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [[Phytoplankton (Algae) Blooms]] | ||
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<u>'''[[Contaminated Sediments]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Contaminated Sediments]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[Contaminated Sediments - Introduction]] | *[[Contaminated Sediments - Introduction]] | ||
| style="width:33%; vertical-align:top; " | | | style="width:33%; vertical-align:top; " | | ||
<u>'''[[Soil & Groundwater Contaminants]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Soil & Groundwater Contaminants]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[1,4-Dioxane]] | *[[1,4-Dioxane]] | ||
*[[Chlorinated Solvents]] | *[[Chlorinated Solvents]] | ||
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*[[Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)]] | *[[Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)]] | ||
*[[1,2,3-Trichloropropane|Trichloropropane (TCP)]] | *[[1,2,3-Trichloropropane|Trichloropropane (TCP)]] | ||
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<u>'''[[Munitions Constituents]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Munitions Constituents]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[Munitions Constituents - IM Toxicology | Toxicology]] | *[[Munitions Constituents - IM Toxicology | Toxicology]] | ||
*[[Munitions Constituents- TREECS™ Fate and Risk Modeling|TREECS™]] | *[[Munitions Constituents- TREECS™ Fate and Risk Modeling|TREECS™]] | ||
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<u>'''[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA)]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA)]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Chlorinated Solvents| MNA of Chlorinated Solvents]] | *[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Chlorinated Solvents| MNA of Chlorinated Solvents]] | ||
*[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Metal and Metalloids| MNA of Metals and Metalloids]] | *[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Metal and Metalloids| MNA of Metals and Metalloids]] | ||
*[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Fuels| MNA of Petroleum Hydrocarbons]] | *[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Fuels| MNA of Petroleum Hydrocarbons]] | ||
*[[Natural Source Zone Depletion (NSZD)]] | *[[Natural Source Zone Depletion (NSZD)]] | ||
+ | |||
<u>'''[[Regulatory Issues and Site Management]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Regulatory Issues and Site Management]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[Alternative Endpoints]] | *[[Alternative Endpoints]] | ||
*[[Mass Flux and Mass Discharge]] | *[[Mass Flux and Mass Discharge]] | ||
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*[[Sustainable Remediation]] | *[[Sustainable Remediation]] | ||
− | |style="width:33%; vertical-align:top; "| | + | | style="width:33%; vertical-align:top; " | |
+ | <u>'''[[Remediation Technologies]]'''</u> | ||
− | |||
*[[Bioremediation - Anaerobic|Anaerobic Bioremediation]] | *[[Bioremediation - Anaerobic|Anaerobic Bioremediation]] | ||
**[[Bioremediation - Anaerobic Design Considerations | Design Considerations]] | **[[Bioremediation - Anaerobic Design Considerations | Design Considerations]] |
Revision as of 19:31, 21 May 2020
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The goal of ENVIRO.wiki is to make scientific and engineering research results more accessible to environmental professionals, facilitating the permitting, design and implementation of environmental projects. Articles are written and edited by invited experts (see Contributors) to summarize current knowledge for the target audience on an array of topics, with cross-linked references to reports and technical literature. | See Table of Contents |
Featured article / Contaminated Sediments - Introduction Anion exchange has emerged as one of the most effective and economical technologies for treatment of water contaminated by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Anion exchange is an adsorptive treatment technology that uses polymeric resin beads (0.5–1 mm diameter) that incorporate cationic adsorption sites to remove anionic pollutants from water. Resins most commonly utilized for PFAS treatment are strong base anion exchange resins (SB-AERs) that incorporate quaternary ammonium cationic functional groups with hydrocarbon side chains (R-groups) that promote PFAS adsorption by a combination of electrostatic and hydrophobic mechanisms. Anion exchange treatment of water is accomplished by pumping contaminated water through fixed bed reactors filled with AERs. Water flows through the pore spaces in close contact with resin beads. Sufficient contact time needs to be provided, referred to as empty bed contact time (EBCT), to allow PFAS to diffuse from the water into the resin structure and adsorb to exchange sites. Life cycle cost analyses show that anion exchange treatment is a viable alternative to GAC adsorption. A critical parameter that will dictate media usage or regeneration, and ultimately O&M costs, is the criteria used to determine when ‘PFAS breakthrough’ is reached.
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